Reframing the CPR/AED Training Message

The relatively simple compression-only CPR technique has reduced barriers to training. Potential rescuers only need to learn the “3 Cs”:

• Check the victim
• Call 911and get an AED if one is available
• Compress the chest by pushing hard and fast

Expecting everyone to provide compression-only CPR for adults who suddenly collapse is more practical than the previous approach of recalling a complicated dance involving positioning the victim, counting compressions and changing rescuer positions to deliver a proscribed but often forgotten number of breaths. While many health care professionals believed that bystanders were reluctant to provide CPR because of fears of disease, we have learned that the reasons for non-performance were much more about the fear of performing the skills incorrectly, which bystanders thought might be harmful to the victim.^6,8,9

The simpler CPR approach offers an opportunity to reframe the message to the public. Establishing the expectation that citizens must help is critical. The CPR message is active and essential as opposed to passive and optional. Many individuals believe that their actions are not needed and that only professionals can be of help. They also believe that someone else will step up and act. Each person in the community must understand that their individual actions are required to ensure that the efforts of EMS and hospital personnel are successful.

The Message

 

• Compression-only CPR is essential in order to maximize the victims chance of survival.
• If CPR is not provided to a witnessed out-of-hospital arrest victim, they will likely die.
• No advanced therapy is more important than CPR. Waiting for help to arrive will decrease the chances of survival.